А.Р. Султанов, 

начальник юридического управления 

ПАО «Нижнекамскнефтехим» 

Статья посвящена особенностям реализации права на обжалование решения по оспариванию нормативно-правового акта в гражданском процессе. Вопрос представляется актуальным, так как решением суда может быть разрешен вопрос о правах и об обязанностях лица или же решением могут быть затронуты его законные интересы. Отчасти данный вопрос мог быть задан, потому что дело, которое легло в основание обращения в Конституционный Суд РФ, возникло из публично-правовых отношений, а по данной категории дел, как правило, защищаются не субъективные права, а законные интересы. Вопрос важнейший, поскольку разрешение вопроса о правах и об обязанностях лица, не привлеченного к рассмотрению дела, – это деликт, который влечет безусловную отмену судебного решения. Если же решением затронуты законные интересы, то сам этот факт еще не означает безусловной отмены судебного акта, поскольку решение может затрагивать законные интересы большого количества субъектов. Со вступлением в силу КАС РФ ситуация с правом на обжалование решений по делам, вытекающим из публичных правоотношений, для лиц, когда предметом спора является защита законных интересов, а не субъективных прав, не сильно изменилась. 

Ключевые слова: производство по делам, возникающим из публичных право- отношений; гражданский процесс; конституционный процесс.

References 

Sultanov A.R. Bor’ba za pravo na obzhalovanie sudebnogo resheniya [Struggle for the Right to Appeal a Judicial Decision]. M., 2014. (In Russian) 

Medvedev I.R. Praktika primeneniya stat’i 336 GPK RF: prezhdevremennij optimism [Practice of the Application of Article 336 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation: Premature Optimism]. Arbitrazhnij i grazhdanskij protsess = Arbitration and Civil Procedure, 2009, no. 4. (In Russian) 

Sultanov A.R. Primenenie pravovykh pozitsij Konstitutsionnogo Suda RF ili prezhdevremennij pessimism [Application of Legal Positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation or Premature Pessimism]. Zakon = Law, 2009, no. 9. (In Russian)

Sultanov A.R. O kassatsionnom proizvodstve po delam ob osparivanii normativnykh aktov [On Cassation Proceedings in Cases on Challenging Legal Acts]. Rossijskij sud’ya = Russian Judge, 2010, no. 1. (In Russian) 

Sultanov A.R. O pravakh lits, ne uchastvuyushchikh v dele, i protsessual’nykh srokakh s tochki zreniya Konstitutsii RF [On Rights of Persons not Involved in the Case, and Procedural Deadlines in Terms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation]. Advokatskaya praktika = Practice of Law, 2007, no. 5. (In Russian) 

Sultanov A.R. Obzhalovanie sudebnykh aktov, vynesennykh po delam ob osparivanii normativnykh aktov, litsami, ne uchastvovavshimi v rassmotrenii dela v sude pervoi instantsii [Appeal of Court Decisions Handed Down in Cases on Challenging Legal Acts, by Individuals Who did not Participate in Proceedings in the Court of First Instance]. Zakon = Law, 2010, no. 4. (In Russian) 

Klyaus N.V. Zakonnyi interes kak predmet sudebnoi zashchity v grazhdanskom sudoproizvodstve [Legitimate Interest as a Subject of Judicial Protection in Civil Proceedings]: Dissertation … Candidate of Legal Sciences. Novosibirsk, 2007. (In Russian) 

Rekhtina I.V. Problemy sudebnoi zashchity prav i zakonnykh interesov lits, ne uchastvovavshikh v dele [Problems of Judicial Protection of Rights and Legitimate Interests of Persons not Involved in the Case]. Yurist = Lawyer, 2008, no. 6. (In Russian) 

Shvarts M.Z. Sistematizatsiya arbitrazhnogo protsessual’nogo zakonodatel’stva (problemy teorii i praktiki primeneniya) [Systematization of the Arbitration Procedure Legislation (Problems of Theory and Practice of Application)]: Dissertation … Candidate of Legal Sciences. St. Petersburg, 2004. (In Russian) 

Sakhnova T.V. Interes i zainteresovannost’ v tsivilisticheskom protsesse [Interest and Concernment in Civil Procedure] in Razvitie protsessual’nogo zakonodatel’stva: k pyatiletiyu deistviya APK RF, GPK RF i Federal’nogo zakona RF «O treteiskih sudah v RF» [Development of Procedure Legislation: To the Fifth Anniversary of the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation and the Federal Law «On Arbitration Courts in the Russian Federation»]. Voronezh, 2008. (In Russian) 

Alekseev S.S. Obshchie dozvoleniya i obshchie zaprety v sovetskom prave [General Permissions and Total Prohibitions in Soviet Law]. M., 1989. (In Russian) 

Sultanov A.R. O kodifikatsii zakonodatel’stva ob administrativnykh pravonarusheniyakh i antimonopol’nom zakonodatel’stve [On Codification of Legislation on Administrative Offenses and Competition Law]. Zakon = Law, 2007, no. 7. (In Russian) 

Tsvetkova E.A. Zakonnye interesy nalogoplatel’shchika v nalogovom prave [Legitimate Interests of the Taxpayer in Tax Law]. Finansovoe pravo = Financial Law, 2014, no. 5. (In Russian) 

Bek O.A. Proizvodstvo po delam ob osparivanii normativnykh aktov [Production on Cases on Challenging Legal Acts]. St. Petersburg, 2009. (In Russian) 

Eremina O.A. Osobennosti rassmotreniya del ob osparivanii normativnykh pravovykh aktov [Features of Consideration of Cases on Challenging Normative Legal Acts]. Zakon = Law, 2008, no. 1. (In Russian) 

Popov V.V. Zashchita prav i zakonnykh interesov sub’ektov pravootnoshenij v sfere nalogooblozheniya: voprosy teorii i praktiki [Protection of Rights and Legal Interests of Subjects of Legal Relations in the Field of Taxation: Theory and Practice]: Dissertation … Doctor of Legal Sciences. Saratov, 2012. (In Russian) 

Prikhod’ko I.A. Dostupnost’ pravosudiya v arbitrazhnom i grazhdanskom protsesse: osnovnye problemy [Accessibility of Justice in Arbitration and Civil Procedure: Basic Problems]. St. Petersburg, 2005. (In Russian) 

Borisova Yu.A. Tozhdestvo v grazhdanskom sudoproizvodstve [Identity in Civil Proceedings]. M., 2010. (In Russian) 

Nosenko M.A. Osparivanie normativnykh aktov v sudakh obshchei yurisdiktsii [Challenging Regulations in Courts of General Jurisdiction]. M., 2001. (In Russian) 

Yudin A.V. Grazhdanskoe protsessual’noe pravonarushenie i otvetstvennost’ [Civil Procedural Offense and Liable]. St. Petersburg, 2009. (In Russian) 

Dedov D.I. Realizatsiya printsipa sorazmernosti v pravovom regulirovanii predprinimatel’skoi deiatel’nosti [Implementation of the Principle of Proportionality in the Legal Regulation of the Business Activity]: Dissertation … Doctor of Legal Sciences. M., 2005. (In Russian) 

Slepchenko E.A. Grazhdanskoe sudoproizvodstvo. Problemy edinstva i differentsiatsii [Civil Proceedings. Problems of Unity and Differentiation]. St. Petersburg, 2011. (In Russian) 

Gukasyan R.E. Interes, dokazyvanie i printsip sostiazatel’nosti [Interest, Proof and Adversarial Principle] in Ghukasyan R.E. Izbrannye trudy po grazhdanskomu processu [Selected Works of Civil Procedure]. M., 2008. (In Russian) 

Nikitin S.V. Sudebnyi kontrol’ za normativnymi pravovymi aktami v grazhdanskom i arbitrazhnom protsesse [Judicial Review of Normative Legal Acts in Civil and Arbitration Procedure]. M., 2010. (In Russian) 

Baranov V.M. «Kvalifitsirovannoe molchanie zakonodatelya» kak obshchepravovoi fenomen (k voprosu o sushchnosti i sfere funktsionirovaniya probelov v prave) [«Qualified Silence of Legislator» as a General Legal Phenomenon (to the Question on the Nature and Sphere of Functioning of Gaps in Law)]. Probely v rossiiskom zakonodatel’stve = Gaps in Russian Legislation, 2008, no. 1 (http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/kvalifitsirovannoe- molchanie-zakonodatelya-kak-obschepravovoy-fenomen-k-voprosu-o-suschnostii- sfere-funktsionirovaniya-probelov-v). (In Russian) 

Sokolov-Mitrich D. Deputat – ne «krysa», dolzhen delit’sia [Deputy is not a «Rat», Should Share]. Izvestiya = News, 2007, 18 September. (In Russian) 

Varsegov N. Kak tverskie deputaty obirali svoi narod [How Deputies of Tver Fleeced People]. Komsomol’skaia pravda = Comsomol True, 2007, 18–19 September. (In Russian) 

Medvedev I.R. «Otbelivanie» normativnykh pravovykh aktov po glave 24 GPK RF: mif ili real’nost’? [«Whitening» of Normative Legal Acts under Chapter 24 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation: Myth or Reality?]. Zakon = Law, 2009, no. 6. (In Russian)

Sultanov A.R. Bor’ba za pravovuyu opredelyonnost’ ili poisk spravedlivosti [Struggle for Legal Certainty or the Search for Justice]. M., 2015. (In Russian) 

Mikhailov M.M. Russkoe grazhdanskoe sudoproizvodstvo v istoricheskom ego razvitii ot Ulozheniya 1649 goda do izdaniya Svoda zakonov [Russian Civil Proceedings in Its Historical Development from the Council Code of 1649 till the Publication of the Code of Laws]. St. Petersburg, 1856. (In Russian) 

Information about the author 

Sultanov A.R. (Niznekamsk) – Head of the Legal Department of the PJSC «Nizhnekamskneftekhim » (423574, Tatarstan Republic, Nizhnekamsk city, PJSC «Nizhnekamskneftekhim »; e-mail: [email protected]).