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PRESUMPTIONS AND FICTIONS IN ARBITRATION PROCEDURE

PRESUMPTIONS AND FICTIONS IN ARBITRATION PROCEDURE

I.V. RESHETNIKOVA,

Chairman of the Arbitration Court of the Ural District,

Doctor of Legal Sciences, Professor,

Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation

The article discusses the place of presumptions and fictions in procedure of proof, impact of

presumption on distribution and redistribution of the burden of proof. On the basic of court

practices it shows relationship of the presumed facts with the subject of proof, presumption

and exemption from proof. The author analyses the distinction between presumptions

and fictions, their role in procedure of proof. The types of presumptions in Russian and

English civil procedure in their comparison are conceded. The author discovers indirect

presumption, derived from the Law by the highest courts in Russia. An approach to indirect

presumptions is being formed, namely: they must be certain for persons participating in

a case and for judges. The author criticizes opinions of some researchers, who believe, that

in Russian procedure we have presumption of illegal activity of state bodies, coming from

an idea of the specific of distribution of the burden of proof in public cases. The author

believes that legislator has used special distribution of the burden of proof in public cases

for protection “week” party only. This is not a presumption of illegal activity, because the

presumption would be contrary to the constitution principle of legality.

Keywords: burden of proof; redistribution of the burden of proof; subject of proof;

presumption; fiction.

References

Baulin O.V. Bremya dokazyvaniya pri razbiratel’stve grazhdanskikh del [Burden of

Proof in Civil Proceedings]. Moscow, 2004. (In Russian)

Bojczuk W. Evidence: Textbook. 5th ed. HLT, 1993.

Grubtsova S.P. Pravovye prezumptsii v sudebnom administrativnom protsessual’nom

prave: Dis. … kand. yurid. nauk [Legal Presumptions in Judicial and Administrative

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(In Russian)

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[The Role of Presumptions and Fictions in the Distribution of Responsibilities for

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delu o tolkovanii st. 103 (ch. 3), 105 (ch. 2 i 5), 107 (ch. 3), 108 (ch. 2), 117 (ch. 3) i 135 (ch. 2)

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of the Russian Federation: Resolution of the Constitutional Court of the Russian

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the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, 1995, nos. 2–3. (In Russian)

Reshetnikova I.V. Dokazatel’stvennoe pravo Anglii i SShA [Evidence Law of England

and the USA]. 2nd ed. Moscow, 1999. (In Russian)

1 Определение ВС РФ от 13 июля 2018 г. № 308-ЭС18-2197.

Smola A.A. Standart dokazyvaniya i Verkhovnyj Sud [Standard of Evidence and

Supreme Court]. Vestnik ekonomicheskogo pravosudiya = Herald of Economic Justice,

2018, no. 8. (In Russian)

Zaytsev I.M. Grazhdanskaya protsessual’naya otvetstvennost’ [Civil Procedural

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Information about the author

Reshetnikova I.V. (Yekaterinburg, Russia) – Chairman of the Arbitration Court

of the Ural District, Doctor of Legal Sciences, Professor, Honored Lawyer of the Russian

Federation (32 Lenina St., Yekaterinburg, 620075, Russia; e-mail: f09.ireshetnikova@

arbitr.ru).

Recommended citation

Reshetnikova I.V. Prezumptsii i fiktsii v arbitrazhnom protsesse [Presumptions and

Fictions in Arbitration Procedure]. Вестник гражданского процесса = Herald of Civil

Procedure, 2019, no. 1, p. 16–28. (In Russian) DOI: 10.24031/2226-0781-2019-9-1-16-28

I.V. RESHETNIKOVA