Herald of Civil Procedure
EN
main-photo

We in a citing index:

CIVIL-LAW SET-OFF AND SET-OFF MADE WHEN THE COURT SATISFIES COUNTERCLAIMS AND INITIAL CLAIMS: THEORETICAL REFLECTIONS ON THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES OF LEGAL INSTITUTIONS (continuation)

D.B. ABUSHENKO,
Doctor of Legal Sciences, Professor,
Department of Civil Procedure, Ural State Law University

In the article, the author continues to distinguish between the civil-legal offset and the offset
made when the court satisfies the counterclaim and initial claims. The issues related to the
systematisation of exceptions from the general rule on the obligation of judicial recognition
for the court are considered. Conflicts of the institution of recognition with other legal
phenomena allowing the establishment of the opposite fact are revealed. It is proposed to
divide these conflicts into factual and legal ones. An actual information conflict is understood
as a contradiction of judicial recognition to well-known facts or sound logic, and a legal
contradiction to legal institutions (this includes pre-judicial and other judicial acts, notarial
acts, irrefutable presumptions, fictions, as well as «ordinary» evidence adopted in another
court case). The paper suggests specific ways to resolve such conflicts by the law enforcement.
Exceptions from the general rule on the obligation of judicial recognition, ensuring the
protection of the rights of other persons, are also considered separately. Here, as a general
rule, the conclusion is justified that judicial control over recognition should be carried out
only if another person has the status of a person participating in the case.

Keywords: civil-legal set-off; set-off made when the court satisfies counterclaims and initial
claims; judicial recognition; notarial act; irrefutable presumptions; fictions.

References

Dormidontov G.F. Klassifikatsiia iavlenii iuridicheskogo byta, otnosimykh k sluchaiam
primeneniia fiktsii. Chast’ pervaia: Iuridicheskie fiktsii i prezumptsii [Classification
of Phenomena of Law Relevant to Cases of Fictions Application. Part One: Legal Fictions
and Presumptions]. Vestnik grazhdanskogo prava – Civil Law Review, 2011, no. 1,
pp. 217–269. (In Russ.)
Dormidontov G.F. Klassifikatsiia iavlenii iuridicheskogo byta, otnosimykh k sluchaiam
primeneniia fiktsii. Chast’ vtoraia: Iuridicheskie fiktsii i prezumptsii [Classification
of Phenomena of Law Relevant to Cases of Fictions Application. Part Two. Legal Fictions
and Presumptions]. Vestnik grazhdanskogo prava – Civil Law Review, 2011, no. 3,
pp. 168–240. (In Russ.)
Iablochkov T.M. Material’nye priznaki poniatiia sudebnogo priznaniia v grazhdanskom
protsesse [Material Attributes of the Concept of Judicial Confession in Civil Procedure].
Zhurnal Ministerstva iustitsii – Journal of the Ministry of Justice, 1915, no. 3,
pp. 84–139. (In Russ.)
Isachenko V.L. Grazhdanskii protsess: Prakticheskii kommentarii na vtoruiu knigu
Ustava grazhdanskogo sudoproizvodstva. T. 2 [Civil Procedure: Practical Commentary
on the Second Book of the Civil Procedure Charter. Vol. 2]. 2nd ed. St. Petersburg:
M. Merkushev’s Printing House, 1910. 1064 p. (In Russ.)
Iudelson K.S. Problema dokazyvaniia v sovetskom grazhdanskom protsesse [The Problem
of Evidence in Soviet Civil Procedure]. Moscow: Gosiurizdat, 1951. 296 p. (In Russ.)
Keilin A.D. Sudoustroistvo i grazhdanskii protsess kapitalisticheskikh gosudarstv:
v 2 ch. Ch. 2: Grazhdanskii protsess [The Judicial System and Civil Procedure of the Capitalist
States. In 2 parts. Part 2: Civil Procedure]. Moscow: Vneshtorgizdat, 1958. 359 p.
(In Russ.)
Kulikova M.A. Formal’nye i neformal’nye osnovaniia osvobozhdeniia ot dokazyvaniia
v grazhdanskom protsesse [Formal and Informal Grounds of Exemption from Evidence
in Civil Litigation]. Vestnik Arbitrazhnogo suda Moskovskogo okruga – Herald of
the Arbitration Court of the Moscow District, 2018, no. 3, pp. 81–90. (In Russ.)
Levental Ia.B. K voprosu o prezumptsiiakh v sovetskom grazhdanskom protsesse [On
Presumptions in Soviet Civil Procedure]. Sovetskoe gosudarstvo i pravo – Soviet State
and Law, 1949, no. 6, pp. 54–64. (In Russ.)
Malinin M.I. Sudebnoe priznanie v grazhdanskikh delakh [Judicial Recognition in
Civil Cases]. Odessa: L. Nitche’s Printing House, 1878. (In Russ.)
Milovidov N. Zakonnaia sila sudebnykh reshenii po delam grazhdanskim [The Legal
Effect of Judicial Decisions in Civil Cases]. Yaroslavl: Printing House of the Provincial
Government, 1875. 135 p. (In Russ.)
Oigenzikht V.A. Prezumptsii v sovetskom grazhdanskom protsesse [Presumptions in
Soviet Civil Procedure]. Dushanbe: Irfon, 1976. 190 p. (In Russ.)
Savatier R. Teoriia obiazatel’stv: iuridicheskii i ekonomicheskii ocherk [The Theory of
Obligations: A Legal and Economic Essay]. Moscow: Progress, 1972. 440 p. (In Russ.)
Vaskovskii E.V. Priznanie storon v grazhdanskom protsesse [Recognition of Parties in
Civil Procedure]. In Vaskovskii E.V. Izbrannye raboty pol’skogo perioda [Selected Works
of the Polish Period]. Moscow: Statut, 2016, pp. 578–610. (In Russ.)
Vitrianskii V.V. Reforma rossiiskogo grazhdanskogo zakonodatel’stva: promezhutochnye
itogi [Reform of Russian Civil Legislation: Interim Results]. 2nd ed. Moscow: Statut,
2018. 528 p. (In Russ.)

Information about the author

D.B. Abushenko (Yekaterinburg, Russia) – Doctor of Legal Sciences, Professor,
Department of Civil Procedure, Ural State Law University (21 Komsomolskaia St., Yekaterinburg,
620137, Russia; e-mail: [email protected]).

Recommended citation

Abushenko D.B. Grazhdansko-pravovoi zachet i zachet, proizvodimyi pri udovletvorenii
sudom vstrechnogo i pervonachal’nogo iskov: teoreticheskie razmyshleniia o skhodstve
i otlichiiakh pravovykh institutov (prodolzhenie) [Civil-Law Set-off and Set-off Made
When the Court Satisfies Counterclaims and Initial Claims: Theoretical Reflections on
the Similarities and Differences of Legal Institutions (continuation)]. Vestnik grazhdanskogo
protsessa – Herald of Civil Procedure, 2022, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 86–106. (In Russ.)
https://doi.org/10.24031/2226-0781-2022-12-1-86-106

D.B. ABUSHENKO