Herald of Civil Procedure
EN
main-photo

We in a citing index:

INTERIM MEASURES. HOW TO REBUILD RUSSIA?!

INTERIM MEASURES. HOW TO REBUILD RUSSIA?!

Yu.V. TAI,
Candidate of Legal Sciences, Managing Partner of JSB “Bartolius”,
Professor, School of Public Law, Faculty of Law, National Research University
Higher School of Economics

S.L. BUDYLIN,
Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Advisor to JSB “Bartolius”,
Visiting Lecturer, Faculty of Law, National Research University
Higher School of Economics

DOI: 10.24031/2226-0781-2020-10-4-89-130

Interim measures are supposed to ensure adjudication process efficiency. However, in practice
interim measures themselves are often used inefficiently. A serious problem in the Russian
civil and economic jurisprudence is the problem interim measures’ proportionality. In this
article we discuss the problem of interim measure application by Russian courts. We analyze
relevant statutory provisions, highest court guidelines, and case-law. For comparison, we
analyze procedure rules of England and the U.S., related to interim measures, as well as the
UNCITRAL arbitration rules. We conclude that there are serious problems with the usage
of interim measures in Russia an make some proposals on how to improve the situation. We
believe that the key parameter for making a decision on introducing interim measures is the
likelihood of claimant’s success on the merits; however, this parameter is mentioned neither
in the statutory text nor in highest courts’ guidelines. As a result, courts routinely impose
interim measures, highly burdensome for defendants, even in rather unrealistic suits. The
interim measures problem is especially burning in cases relating to managers’ subsidiary
responsibility in bankruptcy, where courts often introduce arrests of defendants’ property
for amounts several orders of magnitude higher than their personal fortune.

Keywords: interim measures; proportionality; bankruptcy; Russia; England; U.S.;
UNCITRAL.

References

Aleksandrovskii S.V., Lebedev V.N. Grazhdanskii protsessual’nyi kodeks RSFSR
s postateino-sistematizirovannymi materialami [Civil Procedure Code of the RSFSR
with Article-by-Article Systematized Materials]. Moscow: Legal Publishing House of
the People’s Commissariat of Justice of the USSR, 1929. (In Russ.)
Annenkov K.N. Opyt kommentariia k Ustavu grazhdanskogo sudoproizvodstva. Т. 3
[The Experience of Commenting on the Charter of Civil Proceedings. Vol. 3]. St. Petersburg:
M.M. Stasiulevich’s Printing House, 1887. 475 p. (In Russ.)
Benz S. Strengthening Interim Measures in International Arbitration. Georgetown
Journal of International Law, 2018, vol. 50, iss. 1, рр. 143–175.
Bugaevskii A.A. Grazhdanskii protsess v ego dvizhenii [Civil Procedure in its Motion].
St. Petersburg: Military Printing House, 1924. 127 p. (In Russ.)
Bykhovskii N. Obespechenie iska [Securing a Claim]. Ezhenedel’nik sovetskoi iustitsii –
Soviet Justice Weekly, 1925, no. 29, pp. 989–991. (In Russ.)
Ob itogakh raboty arbitrazhnykh sudov v 2003 godu i osnovnykh zadachakh na 2004
god (doklad Predsedatelia VAS RF V.F. Iakovleva na soveshchanii predsedatelei arbitrazhnykh
sudov 11 fevralia 2004 g.) [On the Results of the Work of Arbitration Courts in
2003 and the Main Tasks for 2004 (Report of the Chairman of the Supreme Arbitration
Court of the Russian Federation V.F. Iakovlev at the Meeting of the Chairmen of
Arbitration Courts on 11 February 2004)]. URL: http://www.szrf.ru/szrf/doc.phtml?n
b=107&issid=1072004004000&docid=3. (In Russ.)
Engelman T.M. Kurs russkogo grazhdanskogo sudoproizvodstva [Course of Russian
Civil Procedure]. 3rd ed. Iuriev: K. Matthissen’s Printing House, 1912. 632 p. (In Russ.)
Golmsten A.Kh. Predvaritel’nyi proekt zakonopolozhenii «O chastnykh proizvodstvakh
» i vyzvannykh im izmenenii v drugikh chastiakh Ustava grazhdanskogo sudoproizvodstva:
Prilozhenie k № 1 Zhurnala Ministerstva iustitsii (ianvar’ 1897 g.) [A Preliminary
Draft of the Legal Provisions “On Private Proceedings” and the Resulting Changes
in Other Parts of the Charter of Civil Proceedings: Appendix to No. 1 of the Journal of
the Ministry of Justice (January 1897)]. St. Petersburg: Printing House of the Governing
Senate, 1897. 110 s. (In Russ.)
Golmsten A.Kh. Uchebnik russkogo grazhdanskogo sudoproizvodstva [Textbook of
Russian Civil Procedure]. St. Petersburg: M. Merkushev’s Printing House, 1913. 411 p.
(In Russ.)
Iablochkov T.M. Uchebnik russkogo grazhdanskogo sudoproizvodstva [Textbook of Russian
Civil Procedure]. Yaroslavl: I.K. Gassanov’s Publishing House, 1912. 327 p. (In Russ.)
Iusupov T.B. Institut obespecheniia iska v sisteme amerikanskogo prava [Institute for
Securing a Claim in the System of American Law]. Arbitrazhnyi i grazhdanskii protsess –
Arbitration and Civil Procedure, 2003, no. 11, pp. 31–34. (In Russ.)
Iusupov T.B. Obespechenie iska v arbitrazhnom i grazhdanskom protsesse: dis. … kand.
iurid. nauk [Securing a Claim in Arbitration and Civil Procedure: Thesis for a Candidate
Degree in Law Sciences]. Moscow, 2005. 178 p. (In Russ.)
Korovkin V.V. Predvaritel’nye mery obespecheniia sudebnykh sporov v mezhdunarodnom
grazhdanskom protsesse: avtoref. dis. … kand. iurid. nauk [Preliminary Measures
to Ensure Litigation in International Civil Procedure: Synopsis of a Thesis for a Candidate
Degree in Law Sciences]. Saratov, 2006. 22 р. (In Russ.)
Kotliarova V.V. Sushchnost’, vidy i poriadok primeneniia obespechennykh mer v arbitrazhnom
protsesse: avtoref. dis. … kand. iurid. nauk [The Essence, Types and Procedure
for the Application of Secured Measures in Arbitration Procedure: Synopsis of a Thesis
for a Candidate Degree in Law Sciences]. Samara, 2015. 30 p. (In Russ.)
Krasnokutskii V.A. Ocherki grazhdanskogo protsessual’nogo prava. Opyt sistematizatsii
zakonodatel’stva RSFSR i SSSR po sudoustroistvu i grazhdanskomu sudoproizvodstvu
[Essays on Civil Procedural Law. Experience in Systematizing the Legislation of the
RSFSR and the USSR on the Judicial System and Civil Proceedings]. Kineshma: Edition
of the Ivanovo-Voznesensky Gubernia Union, 1924. 172 p. (In Russ.)
Leubsdorf J. The Standard for Preliminary Injunctions. Harvard Law Review, 1978,
vol. 91, iss. 3, pp. 525–566.
Moore M.D. The Preliminary Injunction Standard: Understanding the Public Interest
Factor. Michigan Law Review, 2019, vol. 117, iss. 5, рр. 939–962.
Muradian E.M. Arbitrazhnyi protsess [Arbitration Procedure]. Moscow: Iurinformtsentr
(Tikhomirov), 2004. 469 p. (In Russ.)
Nefediev E.A. Uchebnik russkogo grazhdanskogo sudoproizvodstva [Textbook of
Russian Civil Procedure]. Moscow: Imperial Moscow University Printing House, 1909.
402 p. (In Russ.)
Novichkova Z.T. Obespechenie iska v sovetskom sudoproizvodstve: dis. … kand. iurid.
nauk [Securing a Claim in Soviet Legal Proceedings: Thesis for a Candidate Degree in
Law Sciences]. Moscow, 1972. 208 p. (In Russ.)
Pavlova N.V. Uskorennaia sudebnaia zashchita: Predvaritel’nye obespechitel’nye mery
v kommercheskom protsesse [Expedited Litigation: Interim Measures in Commercial
Proceedings]. Moscow: Delo, 2005. 304 p. (In Russ.)
Rydén O. On the Legal Frameworks and Substantive Standards Governing the Granting
of Interim Measures in International Commercial Arbitration. Master Thesis, Faculty
of Law, Lund University, 2011. 52 р.
Ryndziunskii G. Tekhnika grazhdanskogo protsessa [Civil Procedure Technique].
M.: Legal Publishing House of the People’s Commissariat of Justice of the USSR, 1924.
371 p. (In Russ.)
Shekhter B. Grazhdanskii protsessual’nyi kodeks RSFSR. Prakticheskii postateinyi
kommentarii (obshcheiskovoe proizvodstvo) [Civil Procedure Code of the RSFSR. Practical
Article-by-Article Commentary (General Proceeding)]. St. Petersburg: Rabochii
Sud, 1926. 178 р. (In Russ.)
Shtankova N.V. Obespechitel’nye mery v arbitrazhnom protsesse Rossiiskoi Federatsii:
problemy dokazyvaniia osnovanii primeneniia: dis. … kand. iurid. nauk [Interim
Measures in Arbitration Procedure of the Russian Federation: Problems of Proving
the Grounds for Application: Thesis for a Candidate Degree in Law Sciences]. Moscow,
2014. 196 p. (In Russ.)
Tkacheva N.N. Problemy obespecheniia iska v grazhdanskom sudoproizvodstve (po
materialam praktiki): dis. … kand. iurid. nauk [Problems of Securing a Claim in Civil
Proceedings (Based on Practice Materials): Thesis for a Candidate Degree in Law Sciences].
Saratov, 2004. 187 p. (In Russ.)

Information about the author

Yu.V. Tai (Moscow, Russia) – Candidate of Legal Sciences, Managing Partner of
JSB “Bartolius”, Professor, School of Public Law, Faculty of Law, National Research University
Higher School of Economics (38 Stremiannyi Lane, Moscow, 115054, Russia;

S.L. Budylin (Moscow, Russia) – Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences,
Advisor to JSB “Bartolius”, Visiting Lecturer, Faculty of Law, National Research University
Higher School of Economics (38 Stremiannyi Lane, Moscow, 115054, Russia;

Recommended citation

Tai Yu.V., Budylin S.L. Obespechitel’nye mery. Kak nam obustroit’ Rossiiu?! [Interim
Measures. How to Rebuild Russia?!]. Vestnik grazhdanskogo protsessa – Herald of Civil
Procedure, 2020, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 89–130. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24031/2226-
0781-2020-10-4-89-130

Yu.V. TAI, S.L. BUDYLIN